CodexMira
DeepEarlyNeolithicBronze AgeIron Age and ClassicalMedievalEarlyModern

Stonehenge

Megalith

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Sarsens of up to 30 tonnes and bluestones hauled from Wales, with an Altar Stone recently traced to northern Scotland.

ContinentEuropeConfidence: estimated
Heaviest stone30tConfidence: estimated
Lift height5mConfidence: estimated
MaterialSarsen (silcrete)Mohs 7-7 (mineral hardness scale)
QuarryOrcadian Basin (Altar Stone) (720.3km)calculated straight-line
QuarryPreseli Hills bluestones (219.9km)calculated straight-line
QuarryWest Woods sarsens (25.8km)calculated straight-line

Claims

FieldConsensusAlternative
Date

3000 BCE - 1520 BCE

Built in phases, c. 3000-1520 BCE

Clarke et al., Nature, 2024, UNESCO World Heritage List #373
No claims found.
Purpose

Ceremonial and funerary monument aligned on the solstices

Clarke et al., Nature, 2024, UNESCO World Heritage List #373
No claims found.
MethodNo claims found.No claims found.

Precision & Alignment

consensusAlignment

Aligned on the midsummer sunrise and midwinter sunset

English Heritage; UNESCO #373
Sources: Clarke et al., Nature, 2024 • English Heritage; UNESCO #373 • UNESCO World Heritage List #373

Bronze Age — Stonehenge in context.

Bronze Age, 3,300 BCE to 1,200 BCEDates supported by mainstream archaeology. Natural formations remain undated.TimelineCarnac stones, 4,500 BCE - 3,300 BCEStone vessels of the Step Pyramid, 3,500 BCE - 2,650 BCEStep Pyramid of Djoser, 2,670 BCE - 2,650 BCE3Pyramid of Menkaure, 2,530 BCE - 2,500 BCESilbury Hill, 2,470 BCE - 2,350 BCEStonehenge, 3,000 BCE - 1,520 BCEMohenjo-daro, 2,500 BCE - 1,900 BCEPavlopetri, 3,000 BCE - 1,100 BCENebra sky disc, 1,800 BCE - 1,600 BCEUnfinished Obelisk, 1,479 BCE - 1,458 BCELateran Obelisk, 1,425 BCE - 1,390 BCEAbu Simbel, 1,264 BCE - 1,244 BCE3Pavlopetri3,000 BCE2,500 BCE2,000 BCE1,500 BCE

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Approximate - counted from January 1, 2,260 BCE (UTC). Based on the midpoint of 3,000 BCE - 1,520 BCE.

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